Failure analysis is about figuring out why something didn't work the way it was supposed to. We do this by looking at what happened to try and find out what went wrong. For example, if you had a toy that needed batteries to work, but it didn't move when you put the batteries in, you would do a failure analysis to figure out why. Maybe the batteries weren't new, or they weren't put in correctly, or something inside the toy was broken. Doing a failure analysis helps us figure out what actually happened, so we can fix it and make sure it doesn't happen again.