The Czech Question was a problem faced by European leaders in the late 1800's concerning the future political status of the Czech people. Centuries of rule by the Austrian–Hungarian Empire meant the Czechs had no official nation or government of their own. After the empire collapsed, a solution had to be found to decide how the Czechs should live and be governed. The final solution was the signing of the Treaty of St. Germain in 1919. This agreement officially recognized Czechoslovakia as a separate and independent nation with its own government, laws and borders. It also recognized the rights of the Czech people to self-determination, meaning that they were allowed to decide how to live and how to be governed. This agreement was the final solution to the Czech Question and allowed the Czech people to have their own, independent nation.