Fisher's exact test

Fisher's exact test is a way to compare two things and see if they are different. For example, you might want to compare how many people like apples and oranges. To do this, you would collect data from lots of people and put it in a table. The table would look something like this:

| | Likes Apples | Likes Oranges |
|-|--------------|---------------|
| Yes | 10 | 15 |
| No | 20 | 10 |

Fisher's exact test helps us understand if there is a difference between the two things we want to compare (in this case apples and oranges). If a difference is found, it can tell us if it is due to chance or if it is because the two things are actually different. To do this, the test looks at all of the possible combinations of these numbers and then it calculates the chance of seeing these numbers or something even more different. If the chance of seeing this result or something different is low, it means that it is probably due to the fact that the two things are different.