Formal grammar is like a set of rules that help us to make sure that what we write is correct. It makes sure that our sentences have the right kind of words, they're in the correct order, and they make sense. For example, if you tried to write a sentence like "I Running went", that wouldn't make any sense, because it doesn't follow the formal grammar rules. With formal grammar, you'd need to write "I went running" instead, so that it follows the rules and makes sense!