OK, kiddo, so you know how people live in different places and sometimes they belong to a group or a family that has been living there for a very long time? Well, the Republic of China is a place where there are four big groups of families that have been living there for centuries.
The first family is called the KMT - that stands for Kuomintang. They were in charge of the government for a long time before and after the Second World War. They believe in a big government that takes care of everything and everyone.
The second family is called the DPP - that stands for Democratic Progressive Party. They don't like the KMT very much and they want more freedom for people. They think everyone should have equal rights and be able to decide things for themselves.
The third family is called the New Party. They are kind of like the KMT, but they are a bit more modern and want to work with other countries more.
The fourth family is called the PFP - that stands for People First Party. They believe in helping the regular folks and making sure the government doesn't do things that hurt them. They are also kind of like the KMT, but they are a bit more different than the New Party.
So, there you have it! The Republic of China has four big families that have different ideas about how to run things, but they are all important and have been around for a long time.