Okay kiddo, imagine a group of four friends playing a game where they each take turns being the leader. This is kind of like a monarchy, where one person (the monarch) is in charge of a country.
Now imagine that these friends are actually countries, and they each have their own monarch. The first monarchy is called an absolute monarchy, where the monarch has complete control over everything and nobody else gets a say in what happens. It's kind of like being the boss of your own room and not letting anyone else tell you how to decorate it.
The second monarchy is called a constitutional monarchy, where the monarch has less power and there are rules in place that limit what they can do. It's like playing a game with your friends and agreeing on some rules ahead of time so nobody cheats or does things that would spoil the fun.
The third monarchy is a federal monarchy, where the country is made up of smaller parts that each have their own monarch but also work together for the good of the whole. It's kind of like a big puzzle made up of smaller puzzle pieces, where each piece has its own special place but also fits into the bigger picture.
Finally, the fourth monarchy is a elective monarchy, where the monarch is chosen by the people rather than being born into the role. It's like voting for a class president at school, where everyone gets a chance to have their say in who should be in charge.
So, there you have it kiddo, four different types of monarchies explained in a way that's easy to understand!