ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Fractal compression

Fractal compression is a way to make digital images smaller without losing too much of the picture's quality. The way it works is by finding simple shapes within the picture that can be used over and over again instead of saving the picture in its entirety. This technique casts an image as a mathematical equation instead of saving it as a jumble of digital data. That way, when the image is put back together, it looks a lot like the original but is a much smaller file.
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