Gustave Flourens was a French scientist who lived in the 1800s. He studied the way the brain and nervous system worked, and he was very interested in how animals function. He came up with a lot of ideas of how the brain and nervous system worked, and he also did lots of experiments on animals to figure out how they work. He found that animals can be taught simple things, like how to do tricks, and he showed that when you remove certain parts of the brain, it can change the way the animal behaves. He was one of the first people to understand how the brain works, and his ideas still influence how we think about the brain today.