A long time ago, there were two countries called Poland and Lithuania. They joined together to make a bigger country called the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This happened many years before 1764, but we are going to talk about a specific time in that country's history, from 1764 to 1795.
At that time, the country was ruled by a king named Stanislaw August Poniatowski. He wasn't very powerful because there were lots of powerful people called nobles who had a lot of control over what happened in the country.
During this time, the country was facing a lot of problems. It was kind of like a big party where lots of different groups wanted to have their own way and no one could agree on anything. There were people who wanted more freedom, others who wanted more power for the king, and still others who were worried about foreign countries trying to take over.
One of the biggest problems was that the country's neighbors, like Russia and Prussia, felt that they could take advantage of the weakened state of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. They started taking over parts of the country, and the Commonwealth wasn't strong enough to stop them.
The king and some of the nobles tried to make changes to make the government stronger and more united, but they faced a lot of opposition and didn't have enough power to really make things happen.
Eventually, things got so bad that the country fell apart and was divided up between its neighbors. It was a sad time for the people who lived in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, because they had lost their independence and their country.