Impact litigation is a kind of legal action that is done when someone or a group of people think that a law, rule, or decision is unfair or harms them in some way. The people who think they are being treated unfairly would then file a legal case in court and explain why they think that the law, rule, or decision should be changed. If the court agrees with them, then the law, rule, or decision is changed. By doing this, other people who might have the same problem can use the new law, rule, or decision to make things better for themselves.