ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

In re Gault

In 1967, a 15-year-old boy named Gerald Gault got into trouble with the law and was sent to a juvenile detention center. He was never told what he was accused of, he wasn't given the chance to speak to a lawyer, and his parents weren't notified of his arrest. Gault's case went to court and he was found guilty without a fair trial or the right to defend himself.

This was not fair, because even though he was a young person, he still had the right to a fair trial and the chance to talk to a lawyer. The Supreme Court of the United States heard about Gault's case and decided that young people who are accused of crimes have the same rights as adults in criminal court. The court said that young people have the right to be told what they are being accused of, the right to a lawyer, and the right to speak in their own defense.

This case, known as "In re Gault," was a landmark decision that changed the way the juvenile justice system worked. It made sure that young people are treated fairly when they are accused of a crime, and that they are given a chance to defend themselves just like adults are.