Islamic mathematics refers to the mathematical ideas and concepts that were developed by scholars in the Islamic empire during the medieval period. These scholars were mostly from the Middle East, North Africa, and Spain.
One of the most important contributions of Islamic mathematics was the development of algebra. Algebra is a type of math that uses letters and symbols to represent numbers and variables. This allowed mathematicians to solve equations and problems that were previously difficult or impossible to solve.
Another important aspect of Islamic mathematics was the introduction of the decimal system, which is the system of numbers that we use today (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). This system was originally developed in India but was adopted and spread by Islamic scholars.
Islamic mathematicians also made significant contributions to geometry and trigonometry. They developed new methods for calculating the size and properties of geometric shapes, and they also developed the concept of the sine and cosine functions, which are used in trigonometry.
Overall, Islamic mathematics was a key part of the scientific and intellectual advancements made during the medieval period. These ideas and concepts continue to be studied and built upon to this day.