ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Timeline of science and engineering in the Muslim world

Okay kiddo, let me tell you about the Muslim world and their contributions to science and engineering.

Many centuries ago, the Islamic empire (which was very large and covered a lot of land) was a center of learning and discovery. Many Muslim scholars studied many different topics, including math, astronomy, chemistry, medicine, and architecture.

One famous Muslim scholar was named Al-Khwarizmi. He did a lot of work on algebra, which is a kind of math where you use letters and numbers to solve problems. He also wrote a book that introduced the Indian number system to the Muslim world. This number system includes the numerals 1 through 9, as well as the concept of zero, which is very important in math.

Another important Muslim scholar was named Ibn al-Haytham. He was interested in optics, which is the study of light and vision. He wrote a book about optics that explained how we see things and how light travels, and his ideas about optics are still used by scientists today.

Muslim engineers also made important contributions. One famous Muslim engineer was named Al-Jazari. He invented many different machines, including a water clock that could tell time using water.

Another Muslim engineer named Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi also did important work in medicine. He wrote a book about surgery that included many illustrations of different surgical tools and procedures. His book was translated into many languages and was used as a reference book in medical schools for hundreds of years.

So, overall, the Muslim world made many important contributions to science and engineering many years ago. Their ideas and inventions still influence the world today!