When a long time ago Italy was made up of many different tiny cities and kingdoms. These cities didn't get along very well and they fought a lot. The people who lived in these cities wanted to have more power and land, so they kept trying to take over each other.
These fights are called the Italian Wars. It was a big, long fight that lasted a few decades because many countries got involved too, like France and Spain. There were many battles fought and many lives were lost.
In the end, one king was able to put a stop to the fighting and he united many of these little cities into one big country, Italy.