ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Kazan phenomenon

The Kazan phenomenon is something that happens in scientific experiments when a certain group of people get not so good results, while another group gets really good results. It's like when you and your friends are playing a game and some of you do really well, while others don't do as well.

Scientists use something called statistics to help them figure out if the results they get in their experiments are really true or just a weird fluke. But sometimes, even when they use statistics, they can still get what's called the Kazan phenomenon.

This can happen for a few different reasons, like maybe the group of people who did well just happened to be more like each other than the group that didn't do as well. Or maybe the group that didn't do as well had some kind of bad luck or messed something up by accident.

The important thing to remember is that scientists are always trying their best to make sure their experiments are fair and accurate. But sometimes, even when they do everything right, they still get unexpected results that they have to try to figure out.
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