Keeble v Hickeringill is a legal case from England in the 1700s. It was about who should pay when someone broke someone else's window. In this case, William Keeble owned a pub, and his neighbor, John Hickeringill, had a pet dog named Spanker who liked to bark at people. One night, William got angry at Spanker and threw a stone at him, not expecting it to go through his neighbor's window. Unfortunately, the stone did go through the window and break it.
In a court, the judge had to decide who should pay for the broken window. The judge said that John should pay for it because he knew his dog was causing William trouble, and he should have done something about it. In other words, even though William threw the stone, John was still responsible for the damage because he had not taken proper care of his pet.