ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Legal doctrine

Legal doctrine is all the rules and laws created by judges when they write decisions in court cases. Basically, it's like a set of instructions that all of us must follow – just like any game has rules that everyone needs to follow to play. When a new problem comes up, judges might look back at earlier cases that had the same problem and use what those judges said in their earlier cases (called "legal doctrine") to decide the new case.