Have you ever tried to pedal a bike and found it really hard to do? That's because your legs are not strong enough to move the bike directly. So what do you do? You add a chain and some gears to make it easier.
Now let me introduce you to the Lepelletier gear mechanism. Imagine you have a big gear and a small gear. The big gear is connected to the pedals and the small gear is connected to the wheels. If you turn the pedals once, the big gear turns one full rotation. But the small gear will not turn a full rotation because it has fewer teeth. Instead, it will turn just enough to make the wheels move forward one rotation.
But what if you want to go faster and pedaling becomes too easy? That's when you engage the Lepelletier gear mechanism. Inside the small gear, there's a little gear that can move in and out. When you push a button or twist a lever, this little gear engages with a gear fixed to the big gear. Now instead of turning the small gear, the big gear will turn the little gear first, which in turn, will turn the small gear. This means that now the small gear will turn faster and the bike will go faster too!
It's like when you have a tricycle and you ask someone to push you from behind. You can pedal faster because you have some extra help. In this case, the Lepelletier gear mechanism is like a little helper that makes it easier to ride your bike, even when you need to go faster.