ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Limits to computation

Imagine you have a box of colorful blocks and you want to build a big tower out of them. The more blocks you have, the bigger your tower can be. However, your hands can only carry so many blocks at once and your brain can only think about building the tower up to a certain height before it gets too complicated to manage.

Just like building a tower, computers have limits to how much they can compute. They have a certain number of "blocks" they can hold and process at a time, which we call processing power and memory. Just like you can only build a tower so high before it becomes too complicated, computers can only handle certain amounts of information and calculations before they start to slow down or crash.

There are also other factors that limit computation, such as energy usage and the laws of physics. Just like you need to eat and rest to keep building your tower, computers need electricity to keep running. However, using too much energy can lead to overheating and damage to the computer.

Additionally, there are physical limits to how small we can make computer components, and the laws of physics such as quantum mechanics may limit the precision and accuracy of calculations we can perform.

Overall, just like building a tower, computers have limits to how much they can process and handle, which are affected by factors such as processing power, memory, energy usage, and the laws of physics.