When you slide your hands against each other, they may rub a little bit and it can feel uncomfortable. But if you put some lotion on your hands first, they can slide more easily and smoothly against each other.
Similarly, when two parts of a machine rub against each other, they produce friction that makes it harder to move smoothly. Lubrication theory is a way to reduce this friction and help the parts move more easily.
It works like this: imagine you have two flat surfaces placed very close to each other, but not touching. If you put a very thin layer of liquid (like oil or water) between these surfaces, the liquid will fill in the gaps between them and create a barrier that keeps the surfaces from touching. This helps to reduce friction and allow the surfaces to slide more easily.
Lubrication theory also takes into account things like the viscosity (how thick or thin) of the liquid, the shape and size of the surfaces, and how fast they are moving. By understanding these factors and applying the right type of lubricant, we can reduce friction and wear, increase efficiency, and improve the performance and longevity of machines.