ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Necklace splitting problem

Imagine you have a really long necklace with lots of little beads on it. You want to share the necklace with your friend, but you each want to have the same number of beads. The problem is, the necklace doesn't have an even number of beads, so it's hard to figure out how to split it evenly.

To solve this problem, you need to start by figuring out how many beads are on the necklace. Count all of the beads, and write down the number you get. Next, divide that number by 2 (since there are two of you sharing the necklace). If the answer is a whole number, great! You can simply cut the necklace in half and each have the same number of beads.

But if the answer is a fraction, like 5.5, things get more complicated. You can't cut the necklace in half anymore, since you can't have half of a bead. Instead, you need to find a way to split the necklace so that each of you has roughly the same number of beads.

One way to do this is to take turns picking beads from the necklace. You can flip a coin to see who goes first. The first person picks a bead, and then the second person picks a bead, and so on. Keep going until there are no more beads left on the necklace.

If there are leftover beads at the end, you can either divide them up evenly, or you can flip a coin to see who gets them. Just make sure that you each end up with roughly the same number of beads overall.

So, to sum up: if you have a necklace with an even number of beads, you can split it in half and each have the same number of beads. But if you have a necklace with an odd number of beads, you need to take turns picking beads until they're all gone, and then divide up any leftovers fairly.
Related topics others have asked about: