Imagine you have a blank CD or DVD, and you want to put some songs or videos on it. There are different ways you can do this, or different "recording modes."
The first mode is called "Track-at-Once." This is like painting on a canvas one stroke at a time. You can start and stop recording at any point along the way, and you can add more layers later if you want. The downside is that you have to leave a little bit of space between each stroke, or track, so that the laser can come back and "finalize" each one. This makes it hard to fit as much data on the disc as possible.
The second mode is called "Disc-at-Once." This is like painting the entire canvas in one go. You start at the beginning of the disc and record everything until the end, without any pauses. This makes it possible to use the entire disc for data, but it also means that you can't add any more data later. Once you've painted the whole picture, you're done.
The third mode is called "Session-at-Once." This is like painting on a canvas with multiple layers, but not finishing the painting all at once. You start with a base layer, or "session," and can add more layers, or "sessions," later. Each session is treated like a separate disc, so you can't read the data until you've finalized the last session. This mode is good if you want to keep adding data over time, but it also means the disc can't be read until you're totally done.
Overall, the mode you choose depends on what you want to do with the disc. If you're creating a mix CD, Track-at-Once might work best. If you're backing up your computer files, Disc-at-Once might be better. And if you're keeping a personal journal of photos and videos, Session-at-Once could be the way to go.