ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Orbiting Frog Otolith

Okay kiddo, so do you know what a frog is? Good! Now, have you ever heard of something called the orbiting frog otolith? No? Okay, let me explain.

So inside a frog's head, there are these tiny little structures called otoliths that help the frog keep its balance and know which way is up and down. They're kind of like tiny, little rocks that are floating around inside the frog's head.

Now, back in the 1970s, scientists sent a frog up into space in a special rocket ship. Don't worry, the frog was okay! While the frog was up in space, scientists wanted to see how the otoliths behaved in zero gravity (that's what we call it when there's no gravity like there is on Earth). They put cameras on the frog's head and watched how the otoliths moved around.

What they discovered was really interesting! Without gravity, the otoliths didn't float around like they do on Earth. Instead, they stuck together and moved as one big clump. This made it hard for the frog to know which way was up and down, and it threw off its sense of balance.

So by studying how the otoliths behave in space, scientists can learn more about how animals adapt to different environments and how important gravity is to our bodies. Cool, huh?