ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Orchestrated objective reduction

Orchestrated objective reduction (or simply OR) is a theory about how our brain experiences consciousness, and it's a pretty complex topic.

Think of your brain like a big computer that processes information. It does this by sending signals between different parts of the brain that work together to help you see, hear, feel, think and experience emotions.

One of the mysteries of science is how these signals in the brain give rise to our conscious experience, or the feeling of being alive and aware. Scientists have proposed various theories, and one of them is the theory of OR.

The basic idea of OR is that our brain is constantly undergoing a process of conscious awareness that is related to the fundamental laws of physics. At the heart of this theory is the idea that the microscopic structure of the brain, specifically the proteins inside neurons called microtubules, are capable of undergoing quantum mechanical processes that give rise to consciousness.

Quantum mechanics is a branch of science that studies the behavior of matter and energy on the smallest possible scale - the level of atoms and subatomic particles. According to OR, the activities of microtubules in the brain initiate or trigger a process of quantum coherence, which results in a sequence of quantum events that culminates in the emergence of conscious experience or perception.

What this means is that, unlike other theories of consciousness, OR suggests that consciousness is a fundamental property of the universe, not just something that happens in the brain. It also suggests that our conscious experience is not just the result of electrochemical interactions in the brain, but it involves complex quantum mechanical interactions at the level of individual neurons.

Although this theory is still controversial and has yet to be fully tested, it provides a fascinating insight into how our brains might be capable of producing the phenomenal experience of consciousness.