Orthogonal functions

Orthogonal functions are like square blocks that fit perfectly together to build something bigger. Each block is made of lots of smaller shapes, like squares and triangles and circles, that you can't see. Each block fits together perfectly with the next one so that you can build something big and strong like a house or a bridge. Orthogonal functions are like these blocks, except they are made of a different type of shapes called numbers. When you put all the numbers together, they fit perfectly and help you to figure out complex problems quickly.