Percolation critical exponents help us understand a phenomenon called percolation. Percolation is what happens when something like a liquid or gas seeps through a material, which could be something like a filter. The exponents, which are numbers that measure things, help us understand more about how and why percolation happens. For example, if the exponents are larger, then the liquid or gas is more likely to seep through the material. The exponents can also tell us about how much the liquid or gas spreads once it starts to seep through.