Have you ever played a game where you have to find hidden objects? Well, scientists play a similar game, but instead of looking for objects, they search for tiny things called proteins that can do cool things like fighting off diseases.
To help them find these proteins, scientists use something called phage display. It's like having a big treasure chest filled with keys. Each key is a protein, and scientists want to find the key that unlocks the secret to fighting a specific disease.
The first thing scientists do is take a virus called a phage and use it to make a lot of copies of the protein they want to study. They put all of these tiny copies on the outside of the virus and then use the phage to search for the right key.
The scientists take a sample of something, like blood or saliva, that might contain the proteins they're looking for. They mix the phages with this sample and wait for the phages to latch onto the right key, or protein.
Once they find the right key, the scientists can remove the phage and study the protein more closely. This helps them understand how the protein works and how it might be useful in treating a disease.
So, phage display is like playing a game of find the key, but instead of a treasure chest, scientists are looking for proteins that could help us fight off diseases like cancer or COVID-19.