Phase interferometry

Okay kiddo, so let me tell you what phase interferometry means. Have you ever played with water waves or ripples in a pond after throwing a stone? You might have noticed that some waves go up and some go down, but they all seem to blend together in a very cool pattern. Scientists use something called phase interferometry to create similar patterns with light waves.

It's like making a light puzzle! Scientists take two beams of light and shine them on the same spot on a surface. These two beams of light have a specific distance and speed called the wavelength. But when they come together, they create a new pattern of light waves that is influenced by each other, like if we mix two colors of play-doh together and get a completely new color.

Scientists can use this pattern to measure things that are too small to see with our eyes. They can even use it to make detailed images of things like bones inside the body! It's pretty amazing what you can do with light waves and a little bit of science.