ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Posner's theorem

Okay kiddo, so imagine you have a bunch of stickers - some are circles and some are squares. If you put them all in a bag and mix them up, how do you know how many of each shape you have without looking at every single sticker?

Well, that's what Posner's Theorem helps with. It's a fancy way to find out how many of each shape (or "element") there are in a bag.

To use it, you first need to know some rules about the elements. Like, if you know that circles can't be inside any squares, and squares can't be inside any circles, that helps make things easier.

Then, you can start adding up different combinations of elements. Like, if you add up the number of circles and squares, that gives you the total number of stickers. If you add up the number of circles inside other circles, and the number of circles on their own, that gives you the total number of circles. And so on.

Using these combinations of numbers, Posner's Theorem helps you find the number of each element without having to look at every single sticker. Pretty neat, huh?