Imagine you and your friends all live in a playground with lots of different toys to play with. But there's one toy that everyone likes the best - let's say it's a big slide. It's so much fun that everyone wants to play on it, all the time. So much so that you almost forget about the other toys!
Now imagine that the playground is actually a big city, and the slide is the biggest and most important part of the city - like the capital, or the main economic and cultural center. That's a primate city!
A primate city is a special kind of city where one big city is way more important and powerful than all the others nearby. It's like the king of the playground. People travel from all over to do business, go to school, see a doctor, or just hang out in this one special city. Because of this, the primate city usually has a much larger population and more resources than other cities nearby.
Sometimes primate cities grow because they have historical or cultural significance, like London or Paris. Other times, they grow because they're really good at making and selling things, like Tokyo or New York. Whatever the reason, a primate city is usually the most important and influential place in an entire country or region.