Principia Mathematica is a set of three books written by Isaac Newton and his collaborator, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, and published in 1687, 1688, and 1689. It was a major breakthrough in mathematics and science because it explained how to use mathematical equations to understand and explain the physical world. It changed the way that scientists of the time thought about mathematics and the universe. In Principia Mathematica, Newton and Leibniz used mathematical formulas to show how things like gravity and the movement of planets and stars worked. This made it easier for people to make predictions about things like when eclipses would happen, and it also showed scientists how to use math to solve problems.