Prolog

Prolog is a type of computer language that tells computers what to do. It is like a recipe that tells the computer what steps to follow in order to solve a problem. Just like how you need to follow steps when you bake a cake, a computer needs to follow steps when it solves a problem.

Prolog is different from other computer languages because it is based on a type of logic called "predicate logic." In predicate logic, we describe things in terms of "predicates" (statements) and "arguments" (things that those statements apply to). For example, we might say "the sky is blue" where "the sky" is the argument and "is blue" is the predicate.

In Prolog, we use this same idea to describe problems to the computer. For example, we might write a Prolog program that says "a bird is an animal that has wings." Then we could ask the computer if a penguin is a bird. The computer would think, "Well, a penguin is an animal, but it doesn't have wings, so it's not a bird."

Prolog uses a technique called "unification" to match up different statements and arguments. It tries to find the best matches between the things we tell it and the things we ask it. This allows us to ask the computer questions and have it give us answers based on what we've told it before.

Overall, Prolog is like a special language that helps computers solve problems using rules and logical thinking. It's different from other languages because it's based on predicate logic and uses unification to match things up.