A pulse tube refrigerator is like a magic box that makes things very, very cold.
Inside the box, there are different tiny parts that work together to create a special kind of coldness called cryogenic temperatures. To make things very cold, it needs to remove the heat from them.
The pulse tube refrigerator does this by using a gas that is compressed and then quickly expands in different parts of the box. When the gas expands, it gets very, very cold.
It's like blowing up a balloon really fast and then letting the air out. The air coming out of the balloon would be very cold.
This gas is then used to cool down another gas that is even colder than the first one.
In the end, this process creates a really cold space that can make things like computer processors or medical supplies super cool.