ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, also known as Py-GC-MS, is like a magic machine that can tell us what things are made of.

The first part of the machine is called pyrolysis. Pyrolysis is like cooking things with fire, but it's special cooking that can break things down into smaller pieces. So, imagine you have a toy made of plastic. When you put it in the pyrolysis oven, the heat breaks the plastic down into smaller pieces that we can look at and measure.

The next part of the machine is gas chromatography, or GC. This is like a highway for the broken-down pieces of plastic that came out of the pyrolysis oven. The pieces travel down the highway at different speeds depending on their size and shape. We can measure how long it takes for each piece to reach the end of the highway, and that tells us how big it is.

Finally, we reach the last part of the machine, mass spectrometry, or MS. This part is like a magic fingerprint machine. Each type of piece of plastic, called a molecule, has its own unique fingerprint. The mass spectrometer can look at each piece and tell us exactly what kind of molecule it is.

In summary, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a machine that can break things down into pieces, sort them by size, and then tell us exactly what they're made of. It's like a magic toy chef that can tell us what's inside our toys.