Okay, kiddo, so there was a long time ago when some people in charge thought they had the right to tell other people what to do and believe. They even said things that weren't true, just to make people think a certain way.
But then, a really smart guy named Pope Pius IX said that nobody has the right to force their beliefs on others or treat them badly just because they think differently. He wrote a letter called "Quanta Cura" to explain this.
He basically said that everyone should have the freedom to believe whatever they want and nobody should try to stop them. He also said that people in power should be fair and treat everyone with kindness and respect, even if they don't agree with them.
This was a really important idea at the time and it still is today, because it helps people live together peacefully and have respect for each other's beliefs.