Quantitative methods are a way of studying and understanding things by measuring and counting them. Imagine you have a bag of cookies and you want to know how many cookies are in it. You could count all the cookies one by one, or you could use a scale to weigh the bag and calculate how many cookies are likely to be inside based on their weight.
Quantitative methods work a bit like that. Rather than trying to understand something by looking at it or thinking about it, we use numbers and data to help us make sense of it. For example, we might want to know how many people in a certain area are infected with a disease. We could survey a sample of people and ask them if they have the disease, then use that information to estimate how many people in the entire area are likely to be infected.
Quantitative methods can be really useful for finding patterns and trends in large sets of data, and for helping us make predictions about what might happen in the future. However, they can also be challenging to use, and it's important to be careful when interpreting data to make sure we're not making any mistakes or assumptions that could lead to incorrect conclusions.