Ozone depletion is when the layer of ozone gas in the Earth's atmosphere begins to thin out. Ozone is important because it helps protect us from the harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet rays.
People first noticed that there was a problem with ozone depletion back in the 1970s. Scientists discovered that certain chemicals, called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), were causing damage to the ozone layer. These chemicals were commonly used in things like aerosol sprays, refrigerants, and foam insulation.
Scientists studied the effects of these chemicals on the ozone layer by looking at satellite images and measuring the amount of ozone in the atmosphere. They found that CFCs were causing a big problem - the ozone layer was getting thinner and thinner in some places.
To help combat this issue, countries around the world came together and signed the Montreal Protocol in 1987. This agreement was designed to limit the use of CFCs and other harmful chemicals that were damaging the ozone layer.
Since then, we've been able to make progress in reducing ozone depletion. Scientists continue to monitor the ozone layer and measure how thick it is in different parts of the world. They use special instruments and tools to do this.
In summary, scientists study the effects of chemicals like CFCs on the ozone layer by looking at satellite images and measuring the amount of ozone in the atmosphere. Countries around the world have taken action by signing agreements to limit the use of these harmful chemicals to protect the ozone layer. Scientists continue to monitor the ozone layer to ensure that it remains healthy.