Second-generation biofuels

Biofuels are fuels that are made from living things like plants and animals. Second-generation biofuels are a type of biofuel that is made from things that we don't normally eat, like wood, grass, and crops that don't produce food.

To make second-generation biofuels, scientists use a process called "biochemical conversion". This means that they break down the non-food crops using special enzymes and microbes, which turn the raw material into a kind of sugar. This sugar is then fermented, which means that it is mixed with yeast or bacteria, and turned into a type of alcohol called ethanol. This ethanol is then used as a fuel.

Second-generation biofuels are a good thing because they can help us reduce our dependence on fossil fuels like oil, which can harm the environment. They also help us reduce greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to climate change. Additionally, using non-food crops to make biofuels can help us use land for both fuel and food production, which is especially important as the world's population grows.