Tail call

Okay kiddo, you know how sometimes when you call your friend on the phone, you talk for a little while, then they ask you to call someone else, and you hang up and call the other person? That's called making a "normal call."

But sometimes, when you call your friend, they ask you to call someone else, and instead of hanging up, you just give the phone to their friend and let them talk to them directly. That's called making a "tail call."

In computer programming, a "tail call" is when a program or function calls another program, but instead of creating a new stack or adding to the current stack, it just jumps to the beginning of the other program and uses the current stack. This way, the computer doesn't have to keep adding to the stack and can save memory.

Think of it like if you were building a tall tower out of blocks. Normally, you'd stack one block on top of the other until you have a really big tower. But with a tail call, you'd take the top block off and put it on a different tower instead of making the first tower even taller.

Tail calls can be really helpful in making programs run faster and use less memory. It's like finding a shortcut to get where you need to go instead of taking the long way around.