ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys

Okay kid, let me tell you about the timeline of astronomical maps, catalogs, and surveys.

Astronomical maps are like treasure maps that show where different stars and other objects are located in the sky. Astronomical catalogs are lists of stars and objects that astronomers have found and studied. Surveys are like big searches that astronomers do to find and map out different things in the sky.

It all started a really long time ago, like thousands of years ago when people looked up at the stars and made drawings to try and understand what they were seeing. But it wasn't until the 17th century that telescopes were invented and astronomers could really see and study the stars.

The first astronomical catalog was made by a guy named Hipparchus in Greece over 2000 years ago. He made a list of 850 stars and their locations. Then, in the 16th century, a man named Tycho Brahe made a much bigger catalog with over 1000 stars in it.

The first actual astronomical map was created in the 17th century by a man named Johannes Hevelius. It was a really detailed map of the moon, which he made by looking through his telescope.

Jumping ahead a bit, in the 19th century, astronomers started using photography to make maps and catalogs of the stars. They would take pictures of the sky and then use those pictures to make a map or catalog.

Then in the 20th century, things really started to pick up. Lots of big surveys were done to map out the stars and galaxies all around us. One of the most famous surveys was the Palomar Observatory Sky Survey, which started in the 1950s and took over 20 years to complete.

Nowadays, astronomers use super powerful telescopes and computers to make even more detailed maps and catalogs. In fact, there are so many stars and galaxies out there that astronomers are still discovering new ones all the time!