ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Topological module

A topological module is like a puzzle box where the pieces are numbers and the rules determine how those numbers fit together. Just like a puzzle box, a topological module has a set of rules that dictate how the numbers can be moved around and how they interact with each other.

Imagine a group of people playing a game of “number catch,” where everyone stands in a circle tossing numbers to each other. Now, let’s add some rules to the game: you can only toss numbers to your immediate neighbor and the numbers must be added or subtracted before being passed along. This is kind of like a topological module, where the “numbers” are actually mathematical objects, and the rules are called the topology.

This topology is what makes a topological module unique from other kinds of modules. In this system, the topology determines how the “numbers” (mathematical objects) are connected and which operations are allowed based on that topology.

For example, let's say we have a topological module with the topology of a circle. If we add two numbers together that are diametrically opposed (on the opposite ends of the circle), it's like trying to pass a number through the center of the circle. This operation isn't allowed according to the topology.

Topological modules can be used in many different areas of mathematics, including topology, algebra, and geometry. By studying these modules, we can gain a better understanding of how mathematical objects interact with each other, and how their properties and behavior change when different topologies are applied.