Transliteration is when we take a word or a sentence in one language and write it in a different language using similar sounds. In the case of Arabic, which is written in a script called the Arabic alphabet, transliteration means converting those letters into similar letters in a different alphabet, like the English alphabet, so that people who don't know Arabic can understand what it says.
For example, let's say we have the word "سلام", which means "peace" in Arabic. Since the Arabic language uses a different alphabet than English, we can't just write "peace" to represent it. So, we need to transliterate it by using English letters that sound similar to the Arabic letters.
The transliteration of "سلام" might be written as "salaam". This is because the Arabic letter "س" sounds like the English "s", and "ل" sounds like "l", and "ا" sounds like "a", and "م" sounds like "m". We can see that the transliteration looks and sounds similar to the original Arabic word.
Transliteration is important because it allows people who don't know Arabic to read and understand written Arabic words. It also helps in communication between people who speak different languages, such as in business or international relations. By using a standard transliteration system, people can write and read Arabic words consistently across different languages and regions.