Universal Darwinism is an idea about how living things change and evolve over time. It was named after Charles Darwin, who was an English scientist who wrote the famous book called "On the Origin of Species". Universal Darwinism says that, in nature, there is a process called "natural selection" which helps species to become better adapted to their environment. Natural selection works by favoring those aspects of a species that help it survive, such as a hard shell or the ability to fly. The species with these favorable traits are more likely to survive and pass on these traits to the next generation. Over time, these traits become more and more common as they help this species better adapt to their environment. This process is called evolution. Universal Darwinism suggests that this process happens in all living things, not just animals and plants.