ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Variable geometry turbocharger

Imagine you have a toy car that you can control with a remote. Now, let's say you want your toy car to go faster, but you don't want to use more battery power because that would make it run out quicker.

One thing you can do is change the size of the wheels on the car. If you make the wheels bigger, the car will roll farther with each turn of the motor. But if you make the wheels smaller, the car will turn faster and cover more distance overall.

A variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) works kind of like the wheels on the toy car. It's a special part that helps make a car's engine run more efficiently.

A turbocharger on a car is a device that helps push more air into the engine, allowing it to burn more fuel and produce more power. But different engines need different amounts of air flow depending on how they were designed.

A VGT allows the turbocharger to change the size of its blades based on how much air flow is needed. If the engine is running at a low speed, the VGT can make the blades smaller so that the turbocharger is more efficient at pushing air into the engine. If the engine is running at a high speed, the VGT can make the blades bigger so that the turbocharger can push even more air into the engine.

Overall, a VGT helps a car's engine run more efficiently and produce more power, without using more fuel or creating more pollution.