ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Warm inflation

Warm inflation is like making a cake. You need some ingredients like flour, eggs, sugar and milk to make the cake. In the same way, to create the universe, we need some ingredients too. Scientists call them "cosmic fields". These cosmic fields also need to be mixed in the right way to create the universe.

Now, imagine you want to bake a cake, but you only have one egg, and you need three. So, what can you do? You might bake a smaller cake or borrow some eggs from a neighbour. In Warm Inflation, scientists try to solve the same problem when it comes to the cosmic fields. They want to create a big universe but they have limited ingredients, so they have to find a way to stretch these ingredients to create a big universe.

Scientists believe that shortly after the Big Bang, the universe expanded rapidly through a process known as inflation. Warm Inflation is a theory that suggests this period of rapid expansion occurred at a slightly lower energy level than previously thought. This means the cosmic fields do not need to stretch as much, which allows them to create a bigger universe.

Just like baking a cake, warm inflation requires the right ingredients and conditions. Scientists are working hard to understand and test the theory of warm inflation so they can better understand the universe we live in.