ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Whitehead torsion

Okay, kiddo, let me try to explain what is a Whitehead torsion.

Imagine you have a very twisty and bendy pipe. If you grab one end of the pipe and spin it, the other end would start spinning too, right? And if you twist the pipe in different directions, you change the way it's spinning.

Well, mathematicians have something called homotopy, which is a bit like twisting the pipe in different ways. Homotopy helps them study the shapes of objects in more complicated spaces than simple pipes.

One thing they study is how to tell if two shapes are "the same" when viewed in a particular way. That's where Whitehead torsion comes in. Whitehead torsion helps mathematicians tell whether two shapes can be deformed into each other, without being cut or stretched.

Just like the pipe example, if you twist and turn two shapes in different ways, they might not look the same anymore. Whitehead torsion helps measure this "difference" between two shapes.

It's a bit like measuring how much distance you cover when you go from point A to point B, but instead of measuring in miles or kilometers, you're measuring in terms of how much the shapes have changed.

So there you have it, kiddo! Whitehead torsion is a way for mathematicians to measure how much two shapes have changed from each other after being twisted and turned in different ways.