ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Yeast in winemaking

Yeast are tiny living organisms that are used to make wine. Just like we need food to survive, yeast need food too. Their favourite food is sugar, and they love nothing more than munching on the sugar found in grapes.

When the winemaker wants to make wine, they add yeast to the grape juice. The yeast start eating the sugar and they produce alcohol and carbon dioxide as a result. The alcohol is what makes the wine strong and tasty, while the carbon dioxide creates bubbles in sparkling wine.

As the yeast eat the sugar and produce alcohol, they start to multiply and there are more and more of them in the wine. Eventually, they will eat all of the sugar and will either die or go dormant. When they stop producing carbon dioxide and alcohol, the fermentation process is complete and the winemaker can bottle the wine.

Yeast are very important in winemaking because they turn grape juice into wine. Without them, there would be no alcohol in the wine and it would taste like juice. So the next time you enjoy a glass of wine, remember to thank the yeast!