ELI5: Explain Like I'm 5

Ziggurat algorithm

Imagine you're playing with blocks, and you want to stack them in a way that looks like a pyramid. But you don't want to just randomly stack them on top of each other, you want to create a nice pattern that looks like steps going up.

That's basically what the ziggurat algorithm does, but instead of blocks, it's using numbers. The algorithm is used for generating random numbers, which are often used in computer programs to simulate things like dice rolls or card shuffling in games.

The ziggurat algorithm works by dividing the range of possible random numbers into different "levels" or "tiers," with each level having a different probability of being chosen. Think of it like having different types of blocks that you can use to build your pyramid. Some of the blocks are big and heavy, so they're less likely to be used, while others are smaller and lighter, so they're more likely to be used.

When a random number is needed, the algorithm first checks which level the number falls into, based on its value. It then uses a special formula to generate a random number within that level.

The ziggurat algorithm gets its name from the fact that the levels are arranged like a stepped pyramid, similar to the ziggurat structures that were built by ancient civilizations. But instead of blocks, the levels are made up of numbers.

Overall, the ziggurat algorithm might seem complicated, but it's really just a fancy way of generating random numbers. It's used in all sorts of computer programs, from video games to statistical analysis tools, to help create more realistic and varied results.