Imagine you have a drawing of a house on a piece of paper. You can see the shape of the house and where all the windows and doors are, but you can't tell how tall or deep the house is. That's because the drawing is in 2D, or two dimensions - it only shows the house from one angle.
Now, imagine you want to turn that drawing into a 3D object, or something that you can actually touch and walk around. To do that, you need to add another dimension - depth.
To make the house 3D, you would start by drawing the outline of the house on a flat piece of material, like a piece of cardboard or foam board. Then, you would cut out each of the walls, roof, and other parts of the house, so that you have individual pieces that you can stack on top of each other to create the shape of the house.
Once you have all the pieces cut out, you can start to build the house by attaching the walls to each other using something like glue or tape. You would start with the bottom of the house, and work your way up, attaching each level until you have a complete, 3D version of the house.
Now, imagine doing all of this with a computer program. Instead of cutting out each piece of the house by hand, the program would analyze the 2D drawing and use algorithms to predict what the 3D version should look like. It might use shading and perspective cues to figure out how tall or deep each part of the house should be, based on its position in the 2D image.
The program would then create a digital 3D model of the house, which could be viewed and manipulated on a computer screen. You could rotate the model, zoom in and out, and even add more details like textures and colors.
This process of turning a 2D image into a 3D model is called 2D to 3D conversion. It's used in a lot of different ways, from creating video game environments to recreating historical artifacts in virtual reality. The process can be complicated, but it starts with the simple idea of adding depth to a flat image, just like building a 3D house from a 2D drawing.