An 'afr sensor' is a special device that helps a car run better by measuring how much air is going into the engine and how much fuel is being added to it. Its like a tiny brain that can tell whether the car is running too lean (not enough fuel) or too rich (too much fuel).
The 'afr sensor' is connected to the car's engine and it sends signals to the car's computer that tells it if the air-fuel mixture is right or not. If the mixture is not right, the car's computer will adjust the amount of fuel being added to the engine so that it runs more efficiently.
Think of it like when you pour juice into a glass. If you pour too much juice, it will overflow and make a mess. But if you pour just the right amount, then everything stays in the glass and it is easier to drink. The 'afr sensor' helps the car pour just the right amount of fuel into the engine so everything runs smoothly.
Overall, the 'afr sensor' is just a little helper that makes sure the car is running right and not wasting fuel or energy.